What is ultrasound bone densitometry?

Ultrasound bone densitometry is a non-invasive bone health assessment method that primarily uses ultrasound technology to measure bone density and strength. This test emits high-frequency sound waves through the bones and calculates bone density based on the speed and attenuation of the sound waves. The biggest advantage of ultrasound over traditional DXA (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry) examinations is that it is completely radiation-free, making it particularly suitable for those who need to monitor bone density repeatedly, such as pregnant women and young adults.

The advantages of ultrasound testing are not limited to the absence of radiation, but also include the relatively low price and ease of use. In Hong Kong, ultrasound bone density testing costs around HK$300 to HK$500, while DXA testing costs HK$800 to HK$1,200. Ultrasound also does not require special preparation and only takes 5 to 10 minutes, making it ideal for participation in regular medical examination programs.

However, ultrasound also has its limitations. Because it is less accurate than DXA, it is usually only used as a screening tool. If you find any abnormalities in your test results, your doctor may recommend further DXA tests to confirm the diagnosis. Therefore, ultrasound is more suitable for initial screening than definitive diagnosis.

Comparison of Pros and Cons

• value: No radiation, low cost, easy to make
• demerit: Low accuracy, only suitable for screening

The process of ultrasound examination

The process of ultrasound bone densitometry is quite simple and usually only takes a few minutes to complete. The thin bones of the heel (calcaneus) and fingers allow the examination site to be centered, allowing ultrasound to easily penetrate and provide accurate data. During the examination, the subject only needs to place their feet or fingers in a specific position on the instrument, and the instrument will automatically emit ultrasound waves and record relevant data.

The whole exam process is painless, does not require any special preparation, candidates can also take the exam in plain clothes. Immediately after the examination is completed, the instrument will generate a preliminary report showing the T-and Z-values of bone density. These values help doctors determine the health of the patient's bones.

It is important to note that the results of the ultrasound examination can be influenced by various factors, such as the thickness of the skin at the test site, edema, etc. Therefore, if the results are abnormal, it is recommended to do more DXA testing to confirm.

Review process steps

骨質疏鬆 檢查

1. The subject will sit or lie down to relax the body
2. Place your heel or finger on the instrument
3. Radiates ultrasonic waves and records data
4. Generating inspection reports

The importance of ultrasound findings

The results of ultrasound bone densitometry are usually expressed as T and Z values. The T-value shows the comparison of the subject's bone mineral density with that of healthy young adults, while the Z-value shows the comparison with the same age and gender group. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria, a T-value of less than -1.0 indicates bone loss, while a score of less than -2.5 may lead to a diagnosis of osteoporosis.

If the ultrasound results show a T-value of less than -1.0, your doctor may recommend further DXA tests to confirm the diagnosis. In addition, if the subject has the following risk factors, further evaluation may be required, even if the ultrasound results are normal:

• Long-term use of steroid drugs
• Have a family history of osteoporosis
• Long-term smoking or alcohol abuse

According to the Ministry of Health, about 50% of women over the age of 30 in Hong Kong suffer from osteoporosis. Therefore, regular practice is especially important for high-risk groups.dexa

Who is eligible for ultrasound examination

Ultrasound bone densitometry is particularly suitable for the following groups:

• youth: As an initial screening tool, radiation exposure is not required
• pregnant woman: Avoid the effects of radiation on the fetus
• medical examination: Included in the routine examination items for early detection of bone loss

However, DXA testing remains the gold standard for people diagnosed with osteoporosis or at high risk. Ultrasonography is suitable for large-scale screening and initial evaluation.

Overview of Ultrasound Examination Limitations, Pros, and Cons

Ultrasonic bone densitometry has the advantage of being radiation-free and low-cost, but its accuracy is still far from DXA testing. Therefore, DXA testing cannot completely replace it, especially if you need an accurate diagnosis.

In summary, ultrasound is an excellent initial screening tool, especially suitable for young people, pregnant women, and routine medical examinations. If the test results are abnormal, further DXA tests should be performed to confirm the diagnosis. In Hong Kong, the importance of ultrasound testing has become increasingly pronounced as the population ages, making it a safe and convenient option.

Comparison of ultrasound and DXA examination

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